Within Boundaries: Arjuna Gunarathne

There are two Arjuna Gunarathnes. One is extraordinary. Every artistic medium springs to life when heputs his hand to it. Give him a pen and black ink and he will invent unprecedented and unforgettablesurrealistic mutations of the human figure. Give him watercolours and wasli and he can create miniatureswith a delicacy, wit and tonal poise matching the classic achievements of that South Asian tradition.Withpastels to hand, or with staining ink washes, Gunarathne is instead explosively expressive, pushingsaturated colours to an extreme of heart-stopping intensity. And then, switching from his virtuoso use of theselightweight media, the same artist wrestles with the hefty physicality of oil paint and persuades it to speak for him,establishing a highly individual brushwork that as it were combs through his own stout impastos. Gunarathnehas collected all these different techniques and made each of them his friend, in the way that just a fewpeople can strike up an immediate sympathy with whatever animal they happen to meet. The rest of us shakeour heads in astonishment: how on earth do they do it? (I myself was one of those watching others, when Ihad the pleasure of getting to know the artist at the Royal Drawing School in London some four years ago.)And then alternately, there is the Arjuna Gunarathne who is the most ordinary person in theworld. We could almost name this person ‘Everyman’ - meaning by that, the fictional character whoseexperiences are typical of the human species in general. Just as in many a 20th-century book or film,this ‘Mr Normal’ is a mature male accompanied by a small family that he is trying to support. But inthe pictorial fictions that we are now looking at, the protagonist - who also happens to be theartist - is equally defined as a migrant, a ‘displaced’ person. Twenty-first-century normality, as all of usrealize, has that character. Humans now more than ever are on the move across the globe, pushedone way and then the other by their own hopelessly defective power structures. In fact Gunarathne’smajor recent series of coloured-ink works on card, Legal or Illegal?, vividly pictures what it feelslike to be caught in the middle of that pushing, just as his earlier black-ink series, Going to Work,found imaginative symbols for the distortions of their personhood that migrants undergo whenrecruited for insecure casual employment. The ordinary Arjuna Gunarathne - a Sri Lankan hired to workin a supermarket in north London - puts his anxiety and alienation to the service of his extraordinaryartistic alter ego, to create emblems that could speak for hundreds of millions in the world of 2022.To talk of ‘displacement’ is to suggest that ‘places’ exist. But what we see in this art is that thereality of places is more psychological than geographical. The figures in these pictures tend to be smallin relation to an environment that engulfs or embraces them. The suggestion is that the individual hasonly a little power of his own with which to face a larger world that may - as in the oil paintings Bound-aries and Twisted - present dangers and challenges, but that may also open out into a paradise: look atthe ecstatic inventions of the recent mixed-media series, Wonder. And yet these larger worlds are allinside the artist’s head. The immigrant in suburban London shows how richer landscapes can arise, bytransmuting tree and garden imageries from South Asia into unfamiliar media as symbolisms for his ownstates of mind. There is an empowering, generous and democratic intention to Gunarathne’s scintillating art.